Gastrointestinal (GI) surgery deals with diseases affecting the digestive system, including the esophagus, stomach, intestines, liver, pancreas, and gallbladder. Common conditions requiring surgery include gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), gallstones, hernias, colorectal cancer, and inflammatory bowel diseases like Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. GI surgery is performed using both open and minimally invasive techniques, such as laparoscopic and robotic-assisted surgery, which offer faster recovery and minimal complications. Procedures such as colectomy (colon removal), gastrectomy (stomach removal), and cholecystectomy (gallbladder removal) are essential for treating serious gastrointestinal conditions