Neurosurgery is a highly specialized medical field dedicated to diagnosing and treating disorders affecting the brain, spinal cord, and nervous system. It includes procedures such as brain tumor removal, spinal cord decompression, aneurysm repair, and deep brain stimulation (DBS) for movement disorders like Parkinson’s disease. Neurosurgery is often required in cases of traumatic brain injuries, stroke, epilepsy, spinal deformities, and chronic pain conditions that do not respond to conventional treatments. Advanced techniques, including minimally invasive and robotic-assisted surgeries, allow for greater precision with minimal damage to surrounding tissues. In brain surgery, craniotomy is performed to access and remove tumors, while in spinal surgery, techniques such as spinal fusion and laminectomy help relieve nerve compression and restore mobility.